Dictionary and Lexicon References
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Alien Faith
Alien faith is the faith in behalf of another person, not the expression of personal faith for oneself.
Heathen
Luther is here referring to the Centurion who came asking Jesus to heal his servant (Matthew 8:8). Luther praises this "heathen" for his faith and contrasts his faith to belive the word spoken by Christ with that of the Apostles who were troubled at the words of Christ.
Sophist
soph·ist \åsa/-fist\ noun
[Latin sophista, from Greek sophisteµs, literally, expert, wise man, from sophizesthai to become wise, deceive, from sophos clever, wise]
(1542)
1 capitalized : any of a class of ancient Greek teachers of rhetoric, philosophy, and the art of successful living prominent about the middle of the 5th century b.c. for their adroit subtle and allegedly often specious reasoning
2 : philosopher, thinker
3 : a captious or fallacious reasoner
Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, (Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated) 1993.
Large Catechism - Baptism
"In the third place, having learned the great benefit and power of Baptism, let us observe further who receives these gifts and benefits of Baptism. This again is most beautifully and clearly expressed in these same words, "He who believes and is baptized shall be saved," that is, faith alone makes the person worthy to receive the salutary, divine water profitably. Since these blessings are offered and promised in the words which accompany the water, they cannot be received unless we believe them whole-heartedly. Without faith Baptism is of no use, although in itself it is an infinite, divine treasure. So this single expression, "He who believes," is so potent that it excludes and rejects all works that we may do with the intention of meriting salvation through them. For it is certain that whatever is not faith contributes nothing toward salvation, and receives nothing."
The Book Of Concord, Tappert; Fortress Press; C 1959 Large Catechism, pg 440.32-34
Waldensians
Wal·den·ses pl.n. 1. A Christian sect of dissenters that originated in southern France in the late 12th century and adopted Calvinist doctrines in the 16th century. Also Called Vaudois . [Medieval Latin Waldensian after Peter Waldo] Wal·den “sian ( -sh…n) adj. n.
Dictionaries and Lexicons
50 agnoeo from 1 (as a negative particle) and 3539; TDNT - 1:115,18; v
AV - be ignorant 7, ignorant 4, know not 4, understand not 3, ignorantly 2, unknown 2; 22
1) to be ignorant, not to know
2) not to understand, unknown
3) to err or sin through mistake, to be wrong
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 02236 zaraq { zaw-rakÕ}
2236 zaraq { zaw-rak’}
a primitive root; TWOT - 585; v
AV (kjv) - sprinkle 31, scatter 2, here and there 1, strowed 1; Total use=35
GK - 2450 { qr'zÉ}
& 2451 { qr'zÉ
1) to scatter, sprinkle, toss, throw, scatter abundantly, strew
1a) (Qal) to scatter, sprinkle, toss
1b) (Pual) to be sprinkled
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 746 (verb)arche
from 756; TDNT - 1:479,81; n f
AV - beginning 40, principality 8, corner 2, first 2, misc 6; Total = 58
GK - 794 (noun) { ajrchv }
1) beginning, origin
2) the person or thing that commences, the first person or thing in a series, the leader
3) that by which anything begins to be, the origin, the active cause
4) the extremity of a thing
4a) of the corners of a sail
5) the first place, principality, rule, magistracy
5a) of angels and demons
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 907 baptizo
907 baptizo { bap-tid’-zo}
from a derivative of 911; TDNT - 1:529,92; verb
AV - baptize (76), wash 2, baptist 1, baptized + 2258 1; 80
GK - 966 { baptivzw }
1) to dip repeatedly, to immerse, to submerge (of vessels sunk)
2) to cleanse by dipping or submerging, to wash, to make clean with water, to wash one’s self, bathe
3) to overwhelm
Not to be confused with 911, bapto.
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 1025 brephos
1025 brephos { bref’-os}
of uncertain affin.; TDNT - 5:636,759; n n
AV (kjv) - babe 5, child 1, infant 1, young child 1; Total=8
GK - 1100 { brevfo" }
1) an unborn child, embryo, a foetus
2) a new-born child, an infant, a babe
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
1243 diairesis from 1244; TDNT - 1:184,27; n f
AV - diversity 2, difference 1, 3
GK - 1348 {diaivresi"}
1) division, distribution
2) distinction, difference
2a) in particular, a distinction arising from a different distribution to different persons
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
1248 diakonia from 1249; TDNT - 2:87,152; n f
AV (kjv) - ministry 16, ministration 6, ministering 3, misc 9; Total=34
GK - 1355 {diakoniva} and 1566 {dwroforiva}
1) service, ministering, esp. of those who execute the commands of others
2) of those who by the command of God proclaim and promote religion among men
2a) of the office of Moses
2b) of the office of the apostles and its administration
2c) of the office of prophets, evangelists, elders etc.
3) the ministration of those who render to others the offices of Christian affection esp. those who help meet need by either collecting or distributing of charities
4) the office of the deacon in the church
5) the service of those who prepare and present food
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 1321 didasko
1321 didasko
{ did-as’-ko}
a prolonged (causative) form of a primary verb dao (to learn); TDNT - 2:135,161; v
AV (kjv) - teach 93, taught + 2258 4; Total=97
GK - 1438 { didavskw }
1) to teach
1a) to hold discourse with others in order to instruct them, deliver didactic discourses
1b) to be a teacher
1c) to discharge the office of a teacher, conduct one’s self as a teacher
2) to teach one
2a) to impart instruction
2b) instill doctrine into one
2c) the thing taught or enjoined
2d) to explain or expound a thing
2f) to teach one something
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
1755 energema from 1754; TDNT - 2:652,251; n n
AV (kjv) - operation 1, working 1; Total=2
GK - 1920 { ejnevrghma}
1) thing wrought
2) effect operation
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 03068 Yƒhovah
3068 Y^ehovah { yeh-ho-vaw’}
from 1961; TWOT - 484a; n pr dei
AV (kjv) - LORD 6510, GOD 4, JEHOVAH 4, variant 1; Total=6519
GK - 3378 { hwIhyÒ ,hwhy
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of 0136
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
2206 zeloo from 2205;
TDNT - 2:882,297; v
AV (kjv) - zealously affect 2, more with envy 2, envy 1, be zealous 1, affect 1, desire 1, covet 1, covet earnestly 1, misc 2; Total=12
GK - 2418 {
zhleuvw}* & 2420 {
zhlovw}
1) to burn with zeal
1a) to be heated or to boil with envy, hatred, anger
1a1) in a good sense, to be zealous in the pursuit of good
1b) to desire earnestly, pursue
1b1) to desire one earnestly, to strive after, busy one’s self about him
1b2) to exert one’s self for one (that he may not be torn from me)
1b3) to be the object of the zeal of others, to be zealously sought after
1c) to envy
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 2310 themelios or themelion
from a derivative of 5087; TDNT - 3:63,322; adj
AV (kjv) - foundation 16; Total Use = Total=16
GK - 2528 {qemevlion}
* & 2529 {
qemevlio"}
1) laid down as a foundation, the foundation (of a building, wall, city)
2) metaph. the foundations, beginnings, first principals
2a) of institution or system of truth
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research
Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 3100 matheteuo
from 3101; TDNT - 4:461,552; v
AV (kjv) - teach 2, instruct 1, be disciple 1; Total=4
GK - 3411 { maqhteuvw }
1) to be a disciple of one
1a) to follow his precepts and instructions
2) to make a disciple
2a) to teach, instruct
Strongs: 3516 nepios
from an obsolete particle ne- (implying negation) and 2031;
AV (kjv) - child 7, babe 6, childish 1; Total=14
GK - 3758 { nhvpio" }
1) an infant, little child
2) a minor, not of age
3) metaph. childish, untaught, unskilled
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 3813 paidion
from dimin. of 3816; TDNT - 5:636,759; n n
AV (kjv) - child 25, little child 12, young child 10, damsel 4; Total=51
GK - 4086 { paidivon }
1) a young child, a little boy, a little girl
1a) infants
1b) children, little ones
1c) an infant
1c1) of a (male) child just recently born
1d) of a more advanced child; of a mature child;
1e) metaph. children (like children) in intellect
For synonyms see entries 3808, paidarion; 3814,
paidiske; 3816,
pais; 5043,
teknon; and 5207,
huios.
See entry 5868 for comparison of synonyms.
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
Strongs: 4100 pisteuo
from 4102; TDNT - 6:174,849; v
AV (kjv) - believe 239, commit unto 4, commit to (one’s) trust 1, be committed unto 1, be put in trust with 1, be commit to one’s trust 1, believer 1; Total=248
GK - 4409 { pisteuvw }
1) to think to be true, to be persuaded of, to credit,
place confidence in
1a) of the thing believed
1a1) to credit, have confidence
1b) in a moral or religious reference
1b1) used in the NT of the conviction and trust to which a man is impelled by a certain inner and higher prerogative and law of soul
1b2) to trust in Jesus or God as able to aid either in obtaining or in doing something: saving faith
1bc) mere acknowledgment of some fact or event: intellectual faith
2) to entrust a thing to one, i.e. his fidelity
2a) to be intrusted with a thing
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
4152 pneumatikos
from 4151;
AV (kjv) - spiritual 26; Total=26
GK - 4461 { pneumatikov"}
1) relating to the human spirit, or rational soul, as part of the man which is akin to God and serves as his instrument or organ
1a) that which possesses the nature of the rational soul
2) belonging to a spirit, or a being higher than man but inferior to God
3) belonging to the Divine Spirit
3a) of God the Holy Spirit
3b) one who is filled with and governed by the Spirit of God
4) pertaining to the wind or breath; windy, exposed to the wind, blowing
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon,
(Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
5485 charis
from 5463;
AV (kjv) - grace 130, favour 6, thanks 4, thank 4, thank + 2192 3,
pleasure 2, misc 7; Total=156
GK - 5921 { cavri"}
1) grace
1a) that which affords joy, pleasure, delight, sweetness, charm, loveliness: grace of speech
2) good will, loving-kindness, favour
2a) of the merciful kindness by which God, exerting his holy influence upon souls, turns them to Christ, keeps, strengthens, increases them in Christian faith, knowledge, affection, and kindles them to the exercise of the Christian virtues
3) what is due to grace
3a) the spiritual condition of one governed by the power of divine grace
3b) the token or proof of grace, benefit
3b1) a gift of grace
3b2) benefit, bounty
4) thanks, (for benefits, services, favours), recompense, reward
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon,
(Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
5486 charisma
from 5483;
AV (kjv) - gift 15, free gift 2; Total=17
GK - 5922 {cavrisma}
1) a favour with which one receives without any merit of his own
2) the gift of divine grace
3) the gift of faith, knowledge, holiness, virtue
4) the economy of divine grace, by which the pardon of sin and
eternal salvation is appointed to sinners in consideration of the
merits of Christ laid hold of by faith
5) grace or gifts denoting extraordinary powers, distinguishing
certain Christians and enabling them to serve the church of Christ,
the reception of which is due to the power of divine grace operating
on their souls by the Holy Spirit
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon, (Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.) 1995.
HODGE, ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER (1823-1886)
Presbyterian theologian and teacher.
Son of Charles Hodge, Archibald Hodge was educated at the College of New Jersey (later Princeton University) and trained for the ministry at Princeton Theological Seminary. Ordained in 1847, he spent the following three years as a missionary to India. Thereafter he served for fourteen years as minister of three Presbyterian parishes in Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. In 1864 he was appointed Professor of Systematic Theology at Western Seminary; and in 1877 he was called back to Princeton Seminary as Associate to his father, whom he succeeded in the Chair of Theology after his father’s death in 1878. This younger Hodge was so deeply influenced by his father that he devoted himself to expounding the father’s theology in undiluted form. His published works include The Life of Charles Hodge (1880) and Outlines of Theology (1860, 1879), a popular textbook of Charles Hodge’s thought.
Douglas, J. D., Comfort, Philip W. & Mitchell, Donald, Editors, Who’s Who in Christian History, (Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc.) 1992.
Last modified: January 12, 1998